e-Pedagogium 2017, 17(1):149-161 | DOI: 10.5507/epd.2017.014

EMBU and Other Versions as Tools to Measure Attachment

Gabriela Rozvadský Gugová
Gabriela Rozvadský Gugová, Katedra školskej pedagogiky a psychológie, VŠ DTI, Sládkovičova 533/20, 018 41 Dubnica nad Váhom, Slovenská Republika, E-mail: gugova@dti.sk

Objective: The diagnosis of attachment now provides the ability to track various aspects of behaviour. The attachment theory is widely recognized today. Here is a short overview of the development of the EMBU method and its changes for the paediatric population, for adults and for parents. In the conclusion, we inform about the specifics in the Slovak version of sEMBU.

Methods: sEMBU is mainly looking for three basic models used in parental behaviour: rejection, emotional warmth and overprotection. Modifications of the original EMBU are briefly introduced through the authors' studies. We used a 23-item (short)-EMBU (Arrindell, W. A. et al., 2001). The Slovak translation of the original sEMBU was published in 2007 (Poliaková, M., Mojžišová, V., Hašto, J., 2007). Our sample contained N = 970 participants (general population), of which 507 were women and 463 were men aged 18 to 62 years. All the sample members were external students of the universitygraduate studies DTI, 2010-2014.

Results: Internal reliability on all the subscales in fathers was α = .820 and in mothers α = .856. Average values in each subscale were: Rejection (father): M = 13.88, SD = 3.250; Rejection (mother): M = 14.44, SD = 3.768; Emotional warmth (father): M = 14.24, SD = 3.190; Emotional warmth (mother): M = 14.24, SD = 3.214; and monitored Overprotection (father): M = 18.90, SD = 3.509; Overprotection (mother): M = 17.69, SD = 3.990. Our results proved higher than those published by Perris et al. (1980). Overprotection took the highest share of classification and differentiation in the fathers' cluster. The highest share of classification and differentiation in the mothers' cluster was in Emotional warmth. We assumed that we would find a secure attachment in mothers.

Conclusion: The results were surprising; the cluster analysis did not show the occurrence of secure attachment. We recommend focusing on research and therapy on secure attachment with respect to our findings.

Keywords: attachment, EMBU, sEMBU, EMBU-P, EMBU-c

Published: February 1, 2017  Show citation

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Rozvadský Gugová, G. (2017). EMBU and Other Versions as Tools to Measure Attachment. e-Pedagogium, 17(1), 149-161. doi: 10.5507/epd.2017.014
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